What was the outcome of the 1992 referendum held by the South African government?

The outcome of the 1992 referendum held by the South African government is significant as it demonstrated majority support for the end of apartheid. This referendum was conducted on 17 March 1992 and involved white South African voters who were asked whether they supported the government's reforms aimed at dismantling apartheid and establishing a multiracial democracy. The overwhelming majority voted in favor of the changes, indicating a shift in public sentiment and laying the groundwork for negotiations that would ultimately lead to the end of apartheid.

This support was crucial for then-President F.W. de Klerk, as it provided him with a mandate to pursue further negotiations with anti-apartheid leaders, including Nelson Mandela. The outcome highlighted a growing recognition among white South Africans that the apartheid system was unsustainable and that a new political era was necessary for the country's future.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the referendum's results or implications. The referendum did not lead to a return to apartheid, the establishment of a one-party state, or international sanctions against South Africa, all of which diverge from the actual supportive response for democratic reforms.